Arcane mixing techniques

Resources

Breadboards

You can buy solderless breadboards in a shop or online. Mind that you pick scalable like the SD-12 so you can hook up breadboards together and they become reuseful for other projects such as prototyping our own greenhouse sprinkler management systems.

Alternatively (and the path I will take), start gathering and collecting IDC ribbon connectors (Floppy drive cables, old HD cables, SCSI cables) to build your own breadboards with. To do this, you will also need a solder iron, hot glue, wire (for example telephone wire will do), a small screw driver, and a clamp. This board will also be scalable. Fine grained scalable. :D

Digital techniques basics

For conceptual basics from the atomic level up see Semiconductors, Diodes and Transistors https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPHG0DCWcC0 AND An Introduction to Logic Gates https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=10&v=95kv5BF2Z9E.

Gates

AND

Input 1	Input 2	Output
0	0	0
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	1

The AND gate behaves in the same way as the logical and operator: Output is true when both inputs are true and any otherwise false.

OR

Input 1	Input 2	Output
0	0	0
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	1

The OR gate behaves like a logical inclusive or: Output is true if either or both of the inputs are true and false if both inputs are false.

XOR

Input 1	Input 2	Output
0	0	0
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	0

The XOR (exclusive-OR) gate acts as a logical either/or: the output is true if the inputs are different, and false if the inputs are the same.

NOT

Input 1	Output
0	1
1	0

 

A logical inverter, alias NOT gate, has only one input and reverses logic state.

NAND

Input 1	Input 2	Output
0	0	1
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	0

A NAND gate works like an AND gate followed by a NOT gate.

NOR

Input 1	Input 2	Output
0	0	1
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	0

The NOR gate is a combination OR gate followed by an inverter.

XNOR

Input 1	Input 2	Output
0	0	1
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	1

XNOR (exclusive-NOR) gate is a combination of an XOR gate followed by an inverter.